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VML to NCX Converter — Free, Online, No Signup
Convert VML files to NCX online with no signup required.
VML at a glance
VML
VML emerged as a 1998 W3C submission backed by Microsoft and partners such as Autodesk, Hewlett-Packard, Macromedia, and Visio, reflecting the moment when web graphics standards were still unsettled.
NCX at a glance
NCX
NCX was defined in the 2005 DAISY and ANSI-NISO talking-book standard, then carried forward into EPUB 2 and later treated as a legacy compatibility feature once EPUB 3 introduced XHTML navigation documents.
Format comparison
| Feature | VML | NCX |
|---|---|---|
| File type | Vector | Other |
| Extensions |
|
|
| MIME type |
|
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| Created year | 1998 | 2005 |
| Inventor | Microsoft, Macromedia, Autodesk, Hewlett-Packard, Visio | DAISY Consortium |
| Status | legacy | active |
| Transparency | Not supported | Not supported |
| Animation | Not supported | Not supported |
| Primary use cases |
|
|
| Vector scaling | Supported | Not supported |
| Structured data | Supported | Supported |
When to use each format
When to use VML
- Your source file is already in VML.
- Preserve source expectations before exporting to NCX.
- VML is commonly used in vector workflows.
When to use NCX
- Your target workflow expects NCX.
- Improve delivery compatibility with NCX.
- NCX is commonly used in other workflows.
FAQs
Why convert VML to NCX?
Convert to NCX when an ebook workflow needs a legacy-compatible navigation map for EPUB 2 readers or for EPUB 3 packages that must still support older reading systems.
It is useful in production pipelines where table-of-contents structure needs to survive across mixed generations of ebook software.
What changes when converting VML to NCX?
This conversion changes how the format behaves in downstream tools and delivery environments.
Moving to NCX removes vector scaling.
What should I review after converting VML to NCX?
Validate output quality on representative files and confirm the target format behaves correctly in the destination workflow.